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Anderson Steven. A History of Capital Punishment in the Australian Colonies, 1788 to 1900. Palgrave Macmillan,2020. — 279 p.. 2020

This book provides a comprehensive overview of capital punishment in the Australian colonies for the very first time. The author illuminates all aspects of the penalty, from shortcomings in execution technique, to the behaviour of the dying criminal, and the antics of the scaffold crowd. Mercy rates, execution numbers, and capital crimes are explored alongside the transition from public to private executions and the push to abolish the death penalty completely. Notions of culture and communication freely pollinate within a conceptual framework of penal change that explains the many transformations the death penalty underwent. A vast array of sources are assembled into one compelling argument that shows how the �lesson’ of the gallows was to be safeguarded, refined, and improved at all costs. This concise and engaging work will be a lasting resource for students, scholars, and general readers who want an in-depth understanding of a long feared punishment. Dr. Steven Anderson is a Visiting Research Fellow in the History Department at The University of Adelaide, Australia. His academic research explores the role of capital punishment in the Australian colonies by situating developments in these jurisdictions within global contexts and conceptual debates.

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Contents
List Of lllustrations
Preface
Introduction: Thinking About Punishment OverTime
2 Australia's Hanging Years
William Blackstone’s monumental Commentaries on the Laws of England (1765—1769) was barely two decades old when it was carried with the First Fleet to Sydney Cove.1
Capital Crimes in the Colonies
Keeping Count: Australian Execution Numbers
The Prerogative of Mercy
The Ideal and Reality of Execution Procedure
The practice of executions in colonial Australia aimed to communicate a simple message to both the criminal and the onlooker—crime has consequences.
A Memorandum on Execution Procedure Arrives from London
Instantaneous and Painless? Execution Procedure After 1880
The Criminal at the Gallows
The history of the Australian gallows is littered with examples of condemned criminals who gave unhelpful dying speeches, committed acts of violence on the scaffold, or were perceived to behave inappropri­ately given the gravity of the event.
The Art of �Dying Game'
Penitent Minds: The Role of Religious Advisors
Penitent Bodies: The Sheriff and Executioner
Penitent Spaces: The Role of Private Executions
Ned Kelly and the Limits of State Control
5 The Scaffold Crowd
The Australian colonies, like England before it, saw the free and unhin­dered access of the general public to the death of a criminal as the central guarantor of due process.
Colonial Elites, Public Executions, and the Crowd
The Public Execution Crowd
Who the Sheriff �May Think Fit': Spectators to Private Executions
The End of Public Executions
Caught in a reflective mood, South Australia’s Weekly Chronicle wondered about capital punishment.
The Private Execution Acts
The Parliamentary Debates
The Reaction of the Colonial Newspapers
The Legacy of Convictism and the Timing of the Transition
Race and the Reprisal of Public Hangings
Like the other colonial legislatures to the east, South Australia and Western Australia abolished public executions in 1858 and 1871 respec­tively—the westernmost colony being the later of the two.
The �Value' of Indigenous Executions to South Australia and Western Australia
The Selective Reintroduction of Public Executions
Indigenous ExecutionsAfterthe 1861 and 1875 Amendments
Indigenous Executions and the Colonies to the East
The Push to Abolish Capital Punishment
For a rounded analysis of the death penalty in the Australian colonies it is necessary to explore one last aspect of it—namely, those people who passionately disagreed with the practice entirely.
The Abolitionists and Their Arguments
Abolitionist Organisations and Community Debates
Colonial Parliaments and the Push for Abolition
Conclusion: Death of a Spectacle
Bibliography
Index

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