INDEX

abigeatus, 21 acceptilatio, 247 accessio, specificatio, 142-3 accounting, 207, 214, 233 actio: ad exhibendum, 143-4; com­modati, 210; de peculio, 189; de servo corrupto, 190; depositi, 210; doli, 97, 217, 271; exer­citoria, 190; fiduciae, 246; furti, 227; iniuriarum, 251; institoria, 190, 242; indicati, 83, 173, 178; locati, 227; mandati, 237; nego­tiorum gestorum, 236; pro socio, 230-1; Publiciana, 145-6; quanti minoris, 182; quod iussu, 189; redhibitoria, 182; tributoria, 189; tutelae, 115-16

Actiones: bonae fidei, see bona fide iudicia; noxales, 169; poenales, 163, 168; populares, 74-5, 135: stricti iuris, 208, 214-17; utiles, 162-3, 199

actor publicus, 188, 242

addictio, 173-5, and sec judgment debtor

adoption, in-12 adrogatio, 112 adsertor libertatis, 57-8, 74 adultery, 101-2, 106, 269

Aediles, edict of, 24, 181-5, 206,

261

agency, 74, 206-8, 230-3, 237-8, 241-3, 249

ager: publicus, 140, 148, 158, 264; vectigalis, 140, 148, 157-9 agnates, agnation, 98, 103, 107,

113-14, 119, 122 agrimensores, gromatici, 78-9, 149,

204

aebum iudicum, 71, 78, 258 alimenta to freedmen, 55, 123 alluvio, 142 ambitus, 269-70 amplius non peti, promise, 249 annona, 267-9 annuities, 23, 123-4 antichresis, 246 Antonius Silvanus, will of, 131 anuli aurei, 55, 63 apokrimata of Septimius Severus,

16, 21,95, 236 appeal, 71-3, 76, 83, 94-5 apprentices, 178,192, 199-202 aquae pluviae arcendae, 167 arbiter, 78, 82; ex compromisso, 78,

148

archaeology and law, 17,133,153 argentarii, 59,188,207,209,232-3,

237-8, 243 argentarius coactor, 219-20, 240 army: service, 256; billeting, 257;

and see soldiers, auxiliary regi­ments, military will arrha, 220-1 assembly, right of, 265 assignment of debts, 171, 242-3 assizes, 70, 96 association, 264-8 astrologers, 279-80 auctions, 219 auctoramentum, 61 Augustus, will of, 130-1 auxiliary regiments, 41, in, 296, note 21, 331, note 28

bail, see vadimonium bailiff, see vilicus Banasa inscription, 39-40, 48 banishment, see deportatio, exile, relegatio banks, see argentarii bankruptcy, 174-8 barristers, 87-8, 90-2, 204, 240,

254 bastards, see spurii beasts, casting to, 273 beneficium abstinendi, 124 bigamy, 101 billeting, 257 birth registration, 46-8, 74 bona fide iudicia, contracts, 82, 84,

181,208, 212, 214-16, 221, 227, 229, 233, 237

bona fide possessor, 141,145,163 bonitary ownership, 141,145 bonorum: cessio, see cessio bonorum;

possessio, 119; publicatio, 219, 276; venditio, 173-6 building contracts, 195, 222-3 burglary, 34, 72, 169, 271 burning alive, 273 by-laws, 260-1

caelibes, 37,112-13,121 capital punishment, 272-4, and see summa supplicia

capitis deminutio, 62, 113, 230, 272 captatio, 121

caretakership, see cura casus, vis maior, 222 cataster, 148,160 causae liberales, see adsertor liber­tatis

Censors: edict of, 23; guardians of morality, 83-4; lustrum, 156, 158, 234

census: Republican, 46; of land, 147-9

Centumviri, 33, 79-80, 123 centuriation, 148 cessio: bonorum, 174, 176, 317, note 177; in iure, see in iure cessio

childless persons, see orbi Christians, 31, 273, 277, 279-80 Cicero, edict of, 25 citizens, see citizenship, cives Rom­ani

citizenship: concept of, 37-8; desire for, 255-6; double, 39; loss of, 272; potestas, ni; taxes, 257; by birth, 40; by purchase, 43» by grant, 283; to indivi­duals, 39, 42, 70; to com­munities, 41; to auxilia, 41; to Latins, 42, 44; to Italy and Transpadanes, 8, 69; to all by Constitutio Antoniniana, 8, 97 cives Romani, 31, 39, 283; duties, cives—cont.

33, 256-9; privileges, 70, 86, 255-7, 275; tax, 127, 256; libertini, see liberti clientes, 93-4,96,197 codicilli, 128, 138 coemptio, 120 coercitio, 69, 72, 274 cognitio extra ordinem, 70-3, 85-7, 178, 235, 240-1, 268, 271-2, 277-9

collatio dotis, bonorum, 105, 119 collegia, sodalicia, 235, 265-7 coloniae, 39

colonus, see tenancy o£ land columbaria, 133,143 comitia, 19; comitial trials, 300, note 9

commercium, 44-5, 117, 255 commodatum, 210, 240, and see loan

companies, see societas concubines, 101-2, 175 concurrence of civil and criminal actions: iniuria, 252; plagium, 60; stellionatus, 271; theft, 168-9 concussio, 271 condemnatio pecuniaria, 82 condictio furtiva, 169-70 conductores, 154, 160 consilium: of judges, etc., 34, 88;

of emperor, 89; domesticum, 107-8

consortium, 120, 229

Constitutio Antoniniana, 97, 256, 280, 283-4; date of, 8; dediticii, 45

constitutions, 84, 310, note 158; definition, 20; validity, 31 construction of documents, 81

Consuls, 68, 109, 126

contracts: verbal, 207-8, and sec stipulatio*, real, 209-10; litteris, 81, 214, 217, 233; consensual, 208, 2i4ff; gratuitous, 239-41

conubium, 40, 44, 99, 255 corporations, 121, 235 corvee, 202 counterfeiting, 270 courts, 68-73

craftsmen, 164, 188, 194-5, 222, 267, and see locatio conductio, locatio operis faciendi

credit sale, 217-18

cretio, 125

crime, criminal law, 69-73, 268ff,

282

crucifixion, 273 cult, see sacra

cura, curatio, 36, 74, 116-18 curator bonorum, 178

cursus publicus, vehiculario, 225, 257-8

custodia, 210, 217, 221-2, 226-8 custom, 24, 27-30, 133; local,

28-9, 212-13

damage to property, 162-7 damnosa hereditas, 124, 175 damnum infectum, 166, 248 de effusis, 153-4, 165, 199

debt, 75, 170-8, 187, 208, 231, 247-8, and see judgment debtor decided cases, 27

decoctor, 176-7 decreta, 20

decurions, town councillors, 65-7,

97» 274 dediticii, 45-6 defamation, 250, 252-5, 269 defects of the law, 69, 92, 95-7, 153» 177-8, 194, 198-200, 206- 7, 214, 230-1, 241-3, 274, 278, 282-3

delatores, 276-8 demolition of buildings, 261-2 denegatio actionis, 24, 76 deportatio, 272-3 deposit, down payment, see arrha depositum, safe-keeping, 84, 147, 170, 209-10, 240, and see horrea; irregulare, 209, 225, 240 Digest, 13-15, 291, note 24 diplomata, 41-2, 48 disherison, 122 dispensator, see servus actor divorce, 104-6, 108 doctors, 31-2, 203-5 domicile, 75, and see incolae dominium, title, 44-5, I39ff, 217, and see usucapio, vindicatio dos, dowry, 104-5, ^I23 Dura-Europos, 16-17, ^x93

edicts: validity of, 30; of aediles, see aediles; of governors, 23; of emperor, 20-1, 31; edictum perpetuum of praetors, 23-4, 74, 84, 134, 165, 233, 235, 261, 271, and see ius (honorarium) effractio, see burglary

Egypt, 12, 37, 46, 86, 114, 143» 148, 158, 194, 202, 212, 220-1, 246, 257, 267, 283, 299, note 100, 309, note 140 emancipatio, 109-10, 113, 119 Emperors and the law, 71, 73 emptio venditio, 181-6, 215-21 entail, 122, 125, 127 epigraphy and the law, 17,133 Epistulae of the emperors, 21 Equites, equestrian order, 37, 51, 64-5, 238, 255

equity, 24, 27, 82, 293, note 69, and see edictum perpetuum, ius honorarium

exceptio, 77, 97, 108; doli and metus, 97* 143*» rei venditae et traditae, 145

execution of civil judgments, 83 exercitor, see institor exile, 272-3, and see deportatio, relegatio

exposure of infants, 58, 108, 299, note ΙΟΙ

expropriation, 262-4

faenerator, dantista, 232, and see loan (money)

falsum, 48, 270

familia, 55-6, 98-9, 133, 135-6; publicanorum, 98, 235

fees of barristers, 90-1

festivals, 197, 201

fideicommissa, 125-7, 138, 262; tacit, 127; fideicommissum hered­itatis, 126-7

fideiussor, 247-8

fiducia, 84, 92, 244-7, and see mortgage

filius familias, 56, 108, 163-4, 179, 197, 199, 208, 241-2, and see peculium

forgery, see falsum

formula, 74, 76-7, 85-6, 92, 145, 181, 208, 211 ; arbitraria, 82;

formula—cont.

Baetica, 92, 245; Serviana, 247 Forum rei, 75, 96 foundations, 133, 137 free workers, see craftsmen,

labour contracts, mercennarii free-born persons, see ingenui freedmen, see liberti fugitivus and fugitivarius, 186-7 furiosi, 120; cura of, 118 furtum, 84, 144, 163, 168-70, 196,

226, 235, 246

Gaius, Institutes, 13, 290, note 21, 329, note 190

gambling, 271 games, 163-4

gladiators: professional, oath of,

61; penal, 273

Gnomon of the Idiologos, 16,120, 127, 212

gold rings, grant of, see anuli aurei Governors of provinces, 70, 72-3,

100,109, 126, 129

guardians, guardianship, see tutela guilds, see collegia

habitatio, 123, 152 harvest, sale of, 218

Herculaneum Tablets, 16, 47, 49, 67» 75~A 78, 114, 183, 185, ²⁴⁵

heres, heir: definition, 120; entry of, 123; and see inheritance, intestate succession, necessarius heres, sui heredes

hiring and letting, see locatio conductio, tenancy

holidays, time off for, see festivals honestiores and humiliores, 81, 97, 169, 273-5

horrea, 188, 228-9 hotels, 170, 195, 226-7 hypotheca, 246-7

iactus, 223-5

illegitimate children, see spurii imperium, 68, 72 in diem addictio, 218 in iure cessio, 141, 244 in ius vocatio, 75 incertae personae, 121, 127 incolae, 37-8 indefensus, 76-7

infamia, 51, 83-5, 175-6, 251, 269,

277

infants, 36, 114, 120 ingenui, 36, 41, 179 inheritance: from freedmen, 53;

sale of, 218; and see heres iniuria, 84, 198-9, 250-5, and see defamation

injury, 163, 165, 198-200, and see damage

innkeepers, see nautae, caupones and stabularii

insolvency, see debt, decoctor, judgment debtor

institor and exercitor, 190, 226, 241, and see under actio

instrumenta, 11, 185 instrumentum fundi 158 interdictio aqua et igni, 272 interdicts, 74, 144, 146, 150, 167, 246-7

interest, 141, 171-2, 211-13, 323, note 25

interpolation, 14 intestate succession, 118-20, 124 iudex, 34, 78-83, 86-7, 96 iudicatum solvi, promise, 249 indices selecti, see album iudicum iudicia publica, see quaestiones per­petuae

indicium legitimum, 83

iuridici, 71, 73

ius: civile, 29-30, 40, 45, 140, 293, note 58, and see Twelve Tables; gentium, 29, 40; honorarium, 24, 27, 30, 45, 119, 128, 218, 251, and see edictum perpetuum; Ital­icum, 40, 140, 148; respondendi, 26; sepulchri, 134; vitae et necis, 107-8

iusiurandum, 166; judicial, 76; liberti, S²

iustae nuptiae, iustum matrimonium,

40, 51, 99-102

Jews, 280 judge, see iudex judgment debtor, 61, 96, 169,

173-4, and see debt Julianus, 25, 28; joke of, 192 Junian Latins, see Latins juries: civil, 79-80, 86; criminal, see quaestiones; and for both see also album iudicum

jurists, jurisconsults, iuris prudentes, 10,12-13, 25-7, 88-9, 204, 240, 268

Justinian’s Corpus Iuris, 13, 282

Kalendarium, 59, 232 kidnapping, see plagium, sup­pressio

labour contracts, 192-8, and see mercennarii, paramone, pro­fessions

land, 171-2,206; registration, 147, and see cataster; tax, see tribu­tum; see also tenancy latifundia, 155, 179

Latins: coloniary, 36, 38, 41, 43-5; Junian, 36, 42-5, 53,120; Latium maius and minus, 42 latitantes, absconders, 174 law: classical period of, 8; con­tempt for, 35; ignorance of, 81; knowledge of, 8; publication of, 32-3; see also defects of the law

Law of Citations, 26

legacy, legatum, 123-5, 152, 189, 248, 262; per praeceptionem, 120; and see fideicommissa

legal education, 87, 89, and see rhetoric

leges: nature of, 19; validity of, 30; rogatae and datae, 19; leges luliae iudiciariae, 70, 73, 269, 276; and see lex

legis actiones, 12, 68, 80, 92

lex: Aelia Sentia, 43,45-7, 52,297, note 70; Aquilia, 162, 196, 198-9; Cornelia testamentaria, 270; Fabia de plagiariis, 60; Falcidia, 124, 127, 129; Fufia Caninia, 43, 126; lulia de adult­eriis, 106; lulia de annona, 267; lulia de collegiis, 265-6; lulia de cessione bonorum, 174-6; lulia de maritandis ordinibus, 99, 106; lulia iudiciorum public­orum, privatorum, 70, 73, lex—cont,

269, 276; Julia et Titia, 114;

Junia Norbana, 43-4, 296, note 29; Laetoria, 66, 79,117; Licinia de sodaliciis, 265 ;Manciana, 159- 61, 203; Quinctia de aquaeductu, 260; Papia, 46; Papia Poppaea, 4.6-7, 107, 115, 121; Poetelia, 173; Pompeia, 32, 65-6; Rhodia, 223; Roscia, 176; Rubria, 16, 166; Voconia, 121, 125 lex commissoria, 244, 246 liability: in partnership, 231;

other cases, see custodia, negli­gence

libel and slander, see defamation libellus: accusationis, 276-7; peti­tion, 21

liber homo bona fide serviens, 58-9 Uberi, 119, 122

liberti, 36, 41, 50-5, 60, 93, 107, 123, 136, 191-2, 203, 205, 255, 277, 297, note 70, and see manumission; liberti Augusti, 57, 63, 180

lien, 246-7; landlord’s lien, 154, 156, 246

life interests, 144,152, and see usu­fruct

litis aestimatio, 269, 272 litis contestatio, 77, 247 litteris, see contract loan, 209-10; of money, 211; and see commodatum, interest, mu­tuum

locatio conductio, 153, 209, 215, 22iff, 238

locatio: operarum, see labour con­tracts; operis faciendi, 194, 196, 198, 203

lotteries, 218

lunatics, see furiosi

magistrates: Roman, 69, 72, 265, 274; municipal, 37, 51, 65-7, 109, 166, 277

maiestas, 71, 252-3, 269, 275 maintenance, 95

Malaca and Salpensa, charters of, 16, 19, 38, 244

mancipatio, 44, 141, 186, 217, 244 mandata of emperors, 21-2 mandatum (contract), 84, 204, 222, 237-40, 247

manumission, 41, 74, 123, 175, 189; inter amicos, informal, 43; matrimonii causa, 51-2; and see liberti

manus, 103-4, ^XI9

manus iniectio, see judgment deb­tor

marriage, 37, 99-101, 104, 106, 108, 305, note II

mercennarii, 180, 195-6, 203 merces, 196-7, 204, 240 metayage, partiary tenancy, 155, 157, 160

military will, 22,128-9

mines, mining, 142, 161-2, 180, 195 ; penal slavery in the mines, 273

minors, 54, and see cura, tutela missio in possessionem, 74,128-9 mistake: of status, 42; in con­tract, 218

moneylending, see faenerator, in­terest, loan (money)

Monte Testaccio, 229-30 mortgage, 207, 244-7, and see fiducia, security (real)

munera, 257

municipia, municipalities, 39, 121, 126, 235, 242, and sec magis­trates (municipal)

murder, 269

mutuum, 210, 223, 240, and see loan

nautae, caupones and stabularii, 226-7

nauticum faenus, 223-4

Near East, laws of, 10, 12, 192 necessarius heres, 125, 230, and see heres

negligence, 163, 198, and see

custodia

negotia, ii negotiorum gestio, 94,236-7 nexum, 173

nota censoria, 83-4 notaries, 92, 216, 245 noxa, 169, 182-3, 235 nuisance, 151, 153 nummularii, mensularii, 232-3

oaths, see iusiurandutn

occentare, 251-2 occupatio, first taking, 142 officium, 94, 96, 171-2, 205, 209, 236-7, 247; of freedmen, 51 operae, 191, 193-4, !97, 202-3; of freedmen, 52, 54, 191-2, 238; legacy of, 123, 191

operis novi nuntiatio, 165-6, 248 orbi, 37,112-13,121

Ostia, 133, 137, 193 ownership, see dominium

pactum: de non petendo, 77, 116, 175; displicentiae, 218 papyrology and the law, 17 paramoné, 192-3, 201, 246, 299,

note 15

parens manumissor, 113 partiary tenancy, see metayage partnership, see societas patent and copyright, 207 paterfamilias, patria potestas, 99,

103,105,107-13,119,170,199, 251, 307, note 66a patronus, 51-5, and see liberti; as

advocate, 93

pauperies, 165, 199 pawn, pledge, sec pignus peculatus, 270

peculium, 54, 56, 63; of filius familias, no, 241; castrense, no-11, 129; of slave, 188-9,

241 penthemeros-certificates, 202 peregrini, 45, 70, 86, 99, 121, 125,

129, 140, 163, 183, 186, 256, 273, 283, and see provinces, provincials perpetuities, 137-8, and see entail Petronia lusta, 16, 48-9, 114 philosophers, 204, 280 pignus, 163, 246; distraint on

pignora, 178

plagium, 60, 186 plebiscita, 19

pledge, see pignus

pomerium, 135

Pompeii, 153, 193, 219-20, 232; elections and guilds at, 67, 267

Pontifices, 23, 134, 146

possessio, 139-40, 144-6, 218, and see usucapio

postliminium, 62 praedes and praedia, 244

Praefectus: praetorio, 72; urbi, 71-2, 279; vigilum, 72, 168, 228 Praetor: career, 24, 74, 87; urban

and peregrine, 68; powers and duties, 74-7; edict of, 24, 134, and see edictum perpetuum, ius honorarium', stipulations of, 248; praetor fiscalis, 71; praetor fidecommissarius, 71,126 Praetorian prefect, see praefectus praetorio

Prefect of the watch, see praefectus vigilum

Principate, 20; its effect on justice,

71

prison, 274

procurator: of emperor, 73, 238, 242; private agent, factor, etc., 205, 237-8, 240

prodigi, cura of, 118, 120 professio of children, see birth registration

professions, 194, 203-5, 257 provinces : senatorial, imperial,

72, 183, 186; edict in, 24; aed­iles’ edict in, 183, 186; courts in, 70, 73; land in, 150; con­tract in, 214; and see peregrini, provincials

provincials, Roman law and, 10, 29, 70, 214, 223, 283 provocatio, 70-2, 269, 273 publicani, 171, 229, 232-6, 266 publicatio bonorum, 219, 276

quaestiones perpetuae, 69-72, 252, 268, 272, 274

querela inofficiosi testamenti, 107, 122-3

receptatio, 271

receptum: argentarii, 233, 243; nautarum, 226-7

recuperatores, 79, 86, 251, 269 relegatio, 272-3

rents, 154-9, 171

repetundae, 71, 269 repositories, see horrea res: furtivae, 142, 183; mancipi, 115, 150, 183; nullius, 133; religiosae, 133, 138; sacrae, sanc­tae, 140

rescripts, 21, 71 responsa: of emperors, 94-5; pru­dentium, 25, 89-90

restitutio: in integrum, 117; nata­lium, 55, 64

revocatio Romae, transfer of suits, 70 rhetoric: place in society, 33;

training of barristers, 8, 10, 15, 87

Rhodian Sea Law, 223-4

risk: in sale, 217-18; in locatio conductio, 221-2; and see cus­todia

robbers, 34, 230, 271, 273, and see burglary, furtum, nautae, recep­tatio

sacra, 55, 135

sale, 208, 219, and see emptio venditio; sales tax, 220 schoolmasters, 31-2, 203-4, 230 scribae publici, 180

security, 74, 94-5, 208, 210, 220, 243-9; personal, 244-7; P^ro" cedural, 248-9; real, 247-9 selecti indices, see album iudicum self-enslavement, self-sale, 59-60 187, 196 self-hire, 61, and see paramoné Senate, jurisdiction of, 71 Senators, 37, 51, 64, 99, 102, 109, 257, 300, note 123 senatusconsulta, 22-3, 42, 81, 152, 177, 187, 252, 262, 265-6, 271; Apronianum, 126; Claudianum, 62; Hosidianum, 262; Tribonia­num, 270; Macedonianum, 109, 234; Pegasianum, 127; Trebel­lianum, 126

sepulchra, 133-8 servi Caesaris, 57, 63 servitutes, 141,149ff, 218; person­al, 152, and see usufruct, habita­tio; praedial, 216

servus: actor, 60-1, 187, 191, 231; poenae, 57, 272-3 share-cropping, see metayage shareholders, 234-5 shipping, 170, 190,195, 222-3 slave trade, 180-1, 230 slaves, slavery, 29, 52, 55-7, 98, 155, 163-5, I7$K>i, 196-7, 200, 203, 205, 208, 241-2, 245, 273-5 5 penal slavery, 57,272-3 ; and see manumission

societas, $7, 84, 206, 229ff, 238, 241, and see argentarii, publicani; funerary societates, 133 if, 264, 266

sociology and law, 7, 9-10 solarium, 159 soldiers, 37, 51, 56, 99-100, no, 128-9, and see army, auxiliary regiments, military will

sons, see filius familias sources of law, i8ff specific performance, see formula

(arbitraria) spendthrifts, see prodigi sponsor and fidepromissor, 247-8, and see security (personal) spurii, 40, 47, 107, 112 status: change of, 193, 196, and see capitis deminutio; proof of, 48-9, 58-9, and see mistake stellionatus, 271 stipulatio, 150, 207-8, 210, 219, 241-3, 247-8; stipulations, 183- 4, 215-16, 224, 231; and see praetorian stipulations strikes, 194, 268 stuprum, 101-2, 106, 269 subseciva, 160 substitutio, 121-2, 129 sufirage, 255 sui heredes, 119, 124, and see heres sui iuris, 36, 103, 113, 119 suicide, 275-6 summa supplicia, 273-4 superficies: solo cedit, 143; building lease, 159-60 suppressio, 59 sureties, 237, and sec security (personal)

surveyors, see agrimensores

Table: of Heraclea, 16, 66, 85, 177, 260; of Veleia, 147, 158

Tablettas Albertini, 161, 185 Tarentum, charter of, 244, 260 Tarsus, 37, 295, note 1 taxation: direct, see tributum; in­direct, 234, 256; local, 257; and see publicani, vicesima heredita­rium

tenancy, I52ff; of land, 148,155ff, 195, 203, 232; of imperial estates, 159, 203; of premises, 143-4, 153-5, 257 territoriality, 38, and see domicile testamentum, 43, 63, 81, no, 115, n8ff, 127-32, 150, 152, 270, 309, note 133 ; and see legacy testimonia, 48, 81-2 theft, see furtum, burglary, robbers thesaurus, see treasure trove tombs, law of, see sepulchra torture, 274-5 town-planning rules, see by-laws traditio, 141,183-5, 217 transport, 225, and see shipping, travellers

Transylvanian Tablets, 16, 184-5, 197, 213, 215-16, 230-1, 283 travellers, 226-7 treason, see maiestas

treasure trove, 142 treasury, 127, 136, 213, 219, 256 Tresviri capitales, 69, 168

Tria nomina, 48 Tribonian, 13-15 Tribunes of the plebs, 69, 76, 265 tributum, 148, 234, 256 Trimalchio, 11, 50, 130, 147 tutela, tutores, 36, 74, 84, 100, 113-16, 120, 123, 147, 209-11, 248, 258, 277; of agnates, 114; of patron, 54; statutory, tutor dativus, 114, 116; testamentary 114; over women, 113-15,120; release from, 54, 115; excusa­tiones from, 116, 258

Twelve Tables, 12, 24, 28, 56, 114, 135, 172, 212, 217, 250-1, 259-60

Ulpian, 8 unmarried persons, see caelibes Urso, charter of, 16, 19, 38, 158,

202, 262,264-5

usucapio, 142,145,183, 218,242 usufruct, 152, 163, 248, 257 usury, see faenerator, interest, loan

(money)

vadimonium, 49, 75-6, 248-9 vicarius, 189

vicesima hereditatium, 127, 256 vilicus, 156,188,196 vindicatio, 144-5, 150-1, 169 violatio sepulchri, 75,134-5 Virgil, will of, 130 vis publica, 269 vote, 255

wager of law, 92, 146 wards, see tutela

Water Acts, 260, 263-4 wet-nurses, 194 wills, see testamentum witnesses: to wills, 128; interro­gation of, 274-5 ; and see testimonia

women, position of, 36, 51, 54, 62-3, 100, 103-4, 108, 112-14, 119-20, 232, 251, 277, and see marriage, tutela