APPENDIX

Important Dates in the History of Roman Law

DATE

HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL EVENTS

LEGISLATION & STATUTES

JURISTS

Time of the Kingdom

754 B.C.

754-509

Foundation of Rome

Regal period Leges regiae

Pontiffs

(royal laws)

Time of the republic

509	Abolition of Kingdom. Beginning of republic. Consulship and quaestorship established.
494	First secession of the plebs. Two tribunes of plebs established.
451-50	Ten men (decemviri) Twelve Tables elected for purposes of codification of law. Republican 'constitution’ suspended.
449	’Constitution’ restored. Leges Valeriae 2nd secession of plebs. Horatiae on appeal against

capital sentence. Plebiscites of pie» beian assemblies.

HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL EVENTS

LEGISLATION JURISTS & STATUTES

Lex Canuleia allowed marriage between patricians and plebeians.

Censorship established.

Admission of plebeians

to quaestorship. Plebeians admitted to

Leges Liciniae

one consulship. Praetor Sextiae political

urbanus established.	and economic measures.
Plebeians admitted to censorship.	Lex Poetelia on abolition of private imprisonment of debtors by nexum. Lex Ovinia on plebeian initiative, election of senators transferred to censors.
Censorship of Appius Claudius	Gnaeus Flavius published forms of action.
Plebeians admitted to pontificate. 3rd secession of plebs. End of struggle between patricians and plebeians.	Lex Ogulnia. Lex Hortensia on enactments passed by the plebeian assembly.

DATE	HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL EVENTS	LEGISLATION & STATUTES	JURISTS
After		Lex Aquilia on
287 264-41	First Punic war.	property damage.
About	Tiberius Coruncanius		Coruncanius
254	first plebeian pontifex		gives first res
	maximus. (Consul 280)		ponsa in public.
242	Praetor peregrinus established for benefit of foreigners’ suits.
218-01 211 (?)	Second Punic War.	Lex Silia and lex Calpurnia, legis actio per condictionem.
204		Lex Oncia on gifts. Lex Plaetoria on minors
198	Setus Aelius Paetus,		Ius Aelianum,
	consul.		Tripertita (first juristic work)
169		Lex Voconia on inheritance of women.
153			Μ. Porcius Cato dies. Regula Catoniana.
149	Manlius Manilius,		Author of
	consul		Monumenta Manilii.
Between		Lex Acbutia on
149-26		formulary procedure.
134-33	Tiberius Sempronius	Leges Semproniae	P. Mucius Scae
	Gracchus, plebeian	agrariae.	vola, censor

DATE	HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL EVENTS	LEGISLATION & STATUTES	JURISTS
	tribune. The first agrarian reform: redistribution of public land. Start of 100 years of internal discord.		133.
123-21	Gaius Gracchus, ple	Various Leges Sem
	beian tribune.	proniae (agrariae, frumentaria, and iudiciaria).
122-21 117		Lex Acilia repetundarum on extortion,	Q. Mucius Scaevola (augur), consul
111 105 95		Lex agraria	P. Rutilius Rufus, consul. Q. Mucius Scaevola (pontifex), author of first systematic treatise on civil law.
91-88	Social War.
82-79	Sulla's dictatorship.	Leges Corneliae, penal legislation.
66	Cicero and C. Aquilius Gallus, praetors.		Aquilius, creator of stipulatio Aquiliana.
63	Cicero consul.
60	First triumvirate: Caesar, Pompey, Crassus.
59	Caesar consul for first time.

DATE HISTORICAL LEGISLATION JURISTS AND POLITICAL & STATUTES EVENTS

51 Caesar’s conflict with the

Senate.

49,48, Caesar’s three dictatorships.

44 Caesar killed.

43 Cicero dies.

Servius Sulpicius Rufus. Q. Aelius Tubero

Lex lulia municipalis

Lex Titia on triumviri

for constituting the republic.

43-32 Second triumvirate: Octavian, Antony, Lepidus.

Before

31 Battle of Actium.

Lex Rubria on administration of Gaul, Lex Falcidia on succession.

Alfenus Varus, C. Trebatius Testa

Aulus Cascellius

Time of the Principale

SABINIANS

PROCU-

EMPERORS LEGIS-

DATE

LATION &

SEN. CON

SULTA

LIANS

27 B.C.- Augustus

14 A.D.

18B.C.

4 A.D.

Legis luliac de iudiciis Lex lulia de adulteriis Lex Aelia Sentia on

Μ. Antistius

Labeo

C. Ateius

Capito

DATE

14-37

19 (?)

c. 28

37—41

41-54

54-68

68-69

EMPERORS	LEGIS- PROCU- LATION & LIANS SEN. CON SULTA	SABINIANS
	manumission Lex Papia Poppaea on marriage
Tiberius	Nerva pater,	Masurius
	Proculus, head	Sabinus, whose
	of the Proculian	works on ius
	school.	civile formed basis for future treatises; head of Sabinian school.
	Lex lunia Norbana on manumissions Lex lunia Vellaea on appointment of heirs.
Caligula Claudius	SC Velleianum, women’s intercession prohibited.
Nero	SC Trebelli- anum on succession through fideicommissa.	C. Cassius Longinus head of school; also called Cassiani.
Galba, Otho,

Vitellius

DATE EMPERORS LEGIS- PROCU- SABINIANS LATION & LIANS

SEN. CON

SULTA

69-79

79-81

81-96

96-98

98-117

I17-38

129

130

138-61

161-69

169-80

178

Vespasian SC Pcgasianum Pegasus Caelius Sabinus and SC Mace- donianum on debts of filii familias.

Titus
Domitian		lavolcnus Priscus
Nerva	P. luvenius
Trajan	Celsus (father and son)
Hadrian	Neratius Pris	Aburnius
	cus	Valens,

Salvius luiianus. SC luvcntianum on liability of heirs.

SC Tertulli-

anum on succession ab intestato.

Antoninus Pius

Marcus Aurelius and

Verus, the

divi fratres

Marcus Aurelius alone

Compilation of the edict Sextus Pomponius

Sex. Caecilius Africanus

Gaius

Upius Marcellus Volusius Maecianus Q. Cervidius Scaevola

SC Orfitianum on intestate

succession of children to their mother.

DATE EMPERORS LEGIS- PROCU- SABINIANS

LATION & LIANS

SEN. CON

SULTA

180-92	Commodus
193-211	Septimius Severus
195	Oratio Severi on

real property of wards.

206 Oratio Antonini

on gifts between husband and wife.

211-17 Antoninus Caracalla (with his brother Geta to 212)

212 Constitutio Aemilius Papinianus

Antoniniana dies.

on citizenship.

217-18	Macrinus	lulius Paulus
218-22	Elagabulus	Domitius Ulpianus
222-35	Alexander Severus	Aelius Marcianus
235-38	Maximinus
238	Gordian I & II
238-44	Gordian I, II & III	Herennius Modestinus
244-49	Philippus
249-51	Decius

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Source: Schiller A.A.. Roman Law: Mechanisms of Development. Mouton Publishers,1978. — 606 p.. 1978

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