Other Quasi-Contractual Condictiones

As previously observed, the condictio was an actio in personam arising from the ius strictum^[875] by which the plaintiff claimed that a specific thing or quantity thereof (in the case of resfungibiles), or a fixed sum of money, had to be transferred to him by the defendant.^[876] This remedy was used to enforce stipulatio and mutuum, and was also employed in certain cases where a person acquired something from another's property without a valid legal ground or dishonestly.

The condictio causa data causa non secuta lay where a property was handed over in anticipation of a specific event or the performance of a specific deed by the receiver (e.g. money given as dowry for a future marriage), and this did not eventuate. By means of this remedy the giver reclaimed the property transferred.^[879]

The condictio ob turpem vel iniustam causam was used for the recovery of a payment made by an innocent person for an illegal or immoral cause (e.g. for a debt contracted under compulsion). The plaintiff had to be free of guilt (turpitudo), otherwise he could not launch this action.^[880]

Finally, the condictio sine causa was a general action introduced in the post- classical period that covered a wide variety of cases where ownership had been transferred without good cause.^[881]

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