CONCLUSION

I have reviewed some common ideas about conubium in the Roman Republic. Conubium as a legal concept originated quite early in the history of the Republic, since by 338 it was an established privilege that could be granted to others.

The Roman state was completely hegemonic in its decisions; it could grant conubium in combination with citizenship or separately, to groups, indi­viduals, or peoples. There is no evidence for a widespread grant of conubium to Latin and/or Italian allies; however, I argue that the inhabitants of Latin colonies did enjoy this right, because it was important to maintain the strate­gic function of these colonies. The cives sine suffragio also shared in this right because they participated in the Roman ius civile.

We may conclude that the absence of conubium was an important mecha­nism of separation between Romans and colonial Latins and, on the other hand, the other Latins and allies. It is likely that the limited possibilities for access to Roman wealth, and the wish to be able to inherit from Roman citizens, formed an important drive in the desire for Roman citizenship that peregrini felt in the late Republic. This may have been one of the reasons that drove the Italian allies to revolt in the Social War; I hope to explore this issue further in future work.^[358]

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