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A variety of federal, state, and local agencies outside of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) support or regulate agricultural production.

We examine the most important programs and policies among these agencies in this chapter, offering a wide range of recommendations designed to reduce emissions and expand carbon farming.

We begin with a summary of the federal government’s regulatory options. While the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has the authority to regulate methane and nitrous oxide emissions from many agricultural operations, regulating only the relatively few largest facilities could address the vast majority of the pollution without affecting the vast majority of producers.1 Congress can also reform the rewnewable fuel standard and pass legislation regulating fertilizer manufacturers through efficiency standards or other measures. In addition, state and local governments can also stop the most harmful agricultural practices using similar approaches to those available to the federal government.

The public sector also provides significant benefits to farms through a number of non-regulatory avenues outside of traditional farm programs. We identify policy pathways to reform tax policy, the Small Business Administration (SBA) subsidized lending programs, and biogas subsidies. We conclude the chapter by examining the government’s role in greenhouse gas pricing (usually focused solely on carbon dioxide from the power and industrial sectors) and other market approaches.

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Source: Lehner Peter. Farming for Our Future: The Science, Law and Policy of Climate-Neutral Agriculture. Environmental Law Institute,2021. — 255 p.. 2021

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