Nauta, Caupo, Stabularius
The master of a ship (nauta or exercitor navis), inn-keeper (caupo) and stablekeeper (stabularius) incurred vicarious liability for theft of and damage to the property of their clients (passengers or guests) committed by their slaves or employees on board the ship or on the premises in question.
Innkeepers were moreover liable for the same wrongful acts of permanent residents. A praetorian actio in factum, penal in character, lay for twice the value of the property concerned. In this context, liability was sometimes understood to arise from the negligence of the person in charge of the relevant activity in the choice of his employees.[992]4.12
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