The movement of Islamic conquest which took place under various substantive and historic conditions followed the advent of Islam in the Arab Peninsula.

In AD641, 20 Hijra (Islamic year), the Islamic armies marched towards Egypt and inflicted defeat on the Roman forces of occupation. From that date onwards Egypt became an integral part of the Islamic provinces which, in their entirety, constituted the Abode of Islam. As a result, a process of substitution of new legal systems drawn from Islamic law “Shari'a” gradually set in at both the structural and functional levels.

This fundamental legal change was the outcome of a number of socio-political and doctrinal transformations in Egypt, with Islam steadily growing until it became the dominant feature of the Egyptian society.

The following is a review of the changes which occurred in the Egyptian society.