Detailed Table of Contents

Acknowledgments page xvii

Publisher's Acknowledgments xviii

Introduction.....................................................................................................

1.1 What Is Law and Society? 2

1.2 The Evolution of Law and Society in Asia 6

1.3 The Plan of This Book: Chapters and

Crosscutting Themes 9

References 17

1 Religion.................................................................................................. 19

I Legal Dimensions of the Classical Asian

Religious Traditions 20

1.1 Hinduism as a Legal Tradition,

Donald R. Davis Jr. 20

1.2 Introducing Buddhism and Law, Rebecca

Redwood French and Mark A. Nathan 23

1.3 Taoism: The EnduringTradition, Russell

Kirkland 28

1.4 The Notion of Shari'a, Arskal Salim 31

II Law in the Landscape of Sacred Practices 34

1.5 State Law and the Law of Sacred

Centers, David M. Engel and

Jaruwan Engel 35

III The Arrival of “Modern” Law and the Concept

of Secularism 43

1.6 The Aborted Restoration of “Indigenous”

Law in India, Marc Galanter 44

1.7 Smash Temples, Burn Books: Comparing

Secularist Projects in India and China, Peter van

der Veer 47

ι.8 Judging in God's Name: State Power, Secularism, and the Politics of Islamic Law in Malaysia, Tamir Moustafa 51

IV Law, Religion, and Conflict in Contemporary Asia 59

1.9 Theorising Talk about “Religious Pluralism” and

“Religious Harmony” in Singapore, Vineeta Sinha 60

1.10 Securing the Sasana through Law: Buddhist Constitutionalism and Buddhist-Interest Litigation in Sri Lanka, Benjamin

Schonthal 64

1.11 “Conventional Wisdom” and the Politics of

Shinto in Postwar Japan, John Breen 69

References 72

2 Legal Pluralism................................................................................... 74

I Evolution of the Concept of Legal Pluralism 77

2.1 Legal Pluralism, Social Theory, and the State, Keebet von Benda-Beckmann and Bertram

Turner 78

II Legal Pluralism as State Policy 82

2.2 Global Doctrine and Local Knowledge: Law in

South East Asia, Andrew Harding 83

2.3 Beyond Democratic Tolerance: Witch Killings in Timor-Leste, Rebecca Strating and Beth

Edmondson 87

2.4 Muslim Mandarins in Chinese Courts: Dispute

Resolution, Islamic Law, and the Secular State in Northwest China, Matthew S.

III Legal Pluralism from the Ground Up 101

2.5 Gender, Power, and Legal Pluralism: Rajasthan,

India, Erin P. Moore 102

References 111

3 Disputing........................................................................................... 114

I Dispute-Based Fieldwork 116

3.1 Conflict in the Village, Fernanda Pirie 116

II Dispute Processing and Litigation 120

3.2 “What He Did Was Lawful”: Divorce Litigation

and Gender Inequality in China, Ke Li 121

III Alternative Dispute Resolution 129

3.3 Community Mediation as a Hybrid Practice: The

Case of Mediation Boards in Sri Lanka, Sepalika Welikala 130

References 136

4 Legal Consciousness............................................................................ 139

I National, Local, and Global Dimensions 141

4.1 Kawashima and the Changing Focus on Japanese Legal Consciousness: A Selective History of the Sociology of Law in Japan, Masayuki

Murayama 142

4.2 Globalization and the Decline of Legal Consciousness: Torts, Ghosts, and Karma in

Thailand, David M. Engel 147

II The Role of Traditional Practices 153

4.3 Legal Consciousness of the Leftover Woman: Law and Qing in Chinese Family Relations, Qian

Liu 153

III Rights Consciousness 161

4.4 (Un)Becoming a Man: Legal Consciousness of the

Third Gender Category in Pakistan, Muhammad AzfarNisar 162

4.5 Islamic Law, Women's Rights, and Popular Legal

Consciousness in Malaysia, Tamir Moustafa 169

IV Relational Legal Consciousness 176

4.6 Justice, Emotion, and Belonging: Legal Consciousness in a Taiwanese Family Conflict, Hsiao-Tan Wang 177

References 181

5 Legal Mobilization.............................................................................. 183

I Scope of Legal Mobilization 185

5.1 Constructing SSLM: Insights from Struggles over

Women's Rights in Nepal, Margaret Becker 186

II Legal Mobilization Tactics 192

5.2 The Politics of Love in Myanmar: LGBT

Mobilization and Human Rights as a Way of Life,

Lynette J.

5.3 Labour Law and (In)justice in Workers' Letters in

Vietnam, Tu Phuong Nguyen 196

5.4 Pragmatic Resistance, Law, and Social Movements in Authoritarian States: The Case of Gay Collective Action in Singapore, Lynette

J. Chua 199

5.5 Performing Artivism: Feminists, Lawyers, and Online Legal Mobilization in China, Di Wang

and Sida Liu 201

5.6 Litigation Dilemmas: Lessons from the Marcos

Human Rights Class Action, Nate Ela 205

7 Courts...................................................................................................

I Courts as Cultural Symbols 274

7.1 Legal Consciousness as Viewed through the Judicial Iconography of the Madras High Court,

Rahela Khorakiwala 274

7.2 Judging in the Buddha's Court: A Buddhist

Judicial System in Contemporary Asia, Benjamin Schonthal 277

7.3 Are Women Getting (More) Justice? Malaysia's

Sharia Courts in Ethnographic and Historical Perspective, Michael G. Peletz 281

II Courts as Social Organizations 282

7.4 Punitive Processes? Judging in

Thai Lower Criminal Courts, Duncan McCargo 283

7.5 Chinese Courts as Embedded Institutions, Kwai

Hang Ng and Xin He 288

7.6 The Elastic Ceiling: Gender and Professional Career in Chinese Courts, Chunyan Zheng, Jiahui

Ai, and Sida Liu 293

III Courts as Political Battlegrounds 296

7.7 The Judicialization of Politics in Taiwan,

Chien-Chih Lin 297

7.8 The Judicial System and Democratization

in Post-Conflict Cambodia, Kheang Un 304

References 306

8 Crime and Justice................................................................................. 309

I Punishment 310

8.1 The Benevolent Paternalism of Japanese Criminal

Justice, Daniel H. Foote 310

8.2 Governing through Killing: The War on Drugs in the Philippines, David T. Johnson and Jon

Fernquest 315

8.3 Body Count Politics: Quantification,

Secrecy, and Capital Punishment in China, Tobias Smith 319

II Justice 323

8.4 The Expression of Justice in China, Flora Sapio, Susan Trevaskes, Sarah Biddulph, and Elisa

Nesossi 323

8.5 Old Wine in New Wineskins? A Trial of Restorative Justice in a Korean Criminal Court,

Won Kyung Chang 329

III The Criminal Process 334

8.6 In Search of Judicial Legitimacy: Criminal Sentencing in Vietnamese Courts, Trang (Mae)

Nguyen 334

8.7 Performing Order, Making Money, Nick

Cheesman 337

8.8 Justice Is a Secret: Compromise in Rape Trials,

Pratiksha Baxi 343

References 346

9 Practicing Law and Society Scholarship in Asia...............................

I Gaining Access and Getting Data 350

9.1 Tort, Custom, and Karma: Globalization and Legal Consciousness in Thailand, David M. Engel

and Jaruwan Engel 350

9.2 Constituting Religion: Islam, Liberal Rights, and

the Malaysian State, Tamir Moustafa 354

9.3 China and Islam: The Prophet, the Party, and Law,

Matthew S. Erie 356

9.4 A People's Constitution: The Everyday Life of Law

in the Indian Republic, Rohit De 361

9.5 Labour Law and (In)justice in Workers' Letters in

Vietnam, Tu Phuong Nguyen 364

II Navigating Identities 367

9.6 Indigeneity and Legal Pluralism in India: Claims,

Histories, Meanings, Pooja Parmar 367

9.7 Public Secrets of Law: Rape Trials in India,

Pratiksha Baxi 371

III Practicing Law and Society Research in the Digital Age 376

9.8 Doing Ethnography on Social Media: A Methodological Reflection on the Study of Online Groups in China, Di Wang and Sida Liu 376

References 383

Index 385